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But this flight to safety was small consolation in the face of such a catastrophe. The reaction in Rome has been described by historians. They all mention the complaint of the sick and aging Augustus – “Varus, Varus, give me back my Legions” – which has become proverbial. He shred his garments and fell into a deep misery because of the loss of his three elite units. A sign of this is that these three Legions were never again manned. Their names remained reminders of the stinging defeat. As a response to the danger to Gall, Italy, and even Rome, Augustus began a mass conscription of men fit for military service under the threat of forfeiture of civil and other rights. Even execution was threatened. Members of the Germanic tribes who served in Rome as soldiers and those who lived there for other reasons were deported and had to leave the capital immediately. Ceremonies and folk festivals were called off. Rome was in deep sadness and worry along with its deified leader.

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